井冈山

井冈山

第18集

2.0 |05月20日 |正片 |共36集
简介:
1927年,蒋介石和汪精卫先后发动反革命政变,大革命遭到失败。面临着生死存亡严峻考验的中国共产党人为挽救危局,发动了八一南昌起义,兰花革命打响了武装反抗国民党反动派的第一枪。七天后,中共中央在武汉召开紧急会议。会上,毛泽东同志提出了“枪杆子里面出政权”的著名论断。会后,毛泽东组织发动湘赣边界秋收起义,打出了中国共产党领导下革命武装的第一面军旗。由于敌我力量悬殊,起义失利。  为保存和发展革命力量,毛泽东当机立断,放弃攻打长沙退守文家市,率部转向敌人控制比较薄弱的井冈山寻求立足。途经三湾时,毛泽东在与余洒度等人的斗争中,将队伍进行了改编,创造性地提出了“支部建在  连上”、 推行“三大民主”和成立士兵委员会等重要的建军原则,使部队面貌焕然一新。在贺子珍等人的帮助下,毛泽东得到了井冈山“绿林”首领袁文才、王佐的支持,使起义部队在井冈山立住了脚。  在开辟井冈山革命根据地的斗争中,毛泽东倡导实践调查研究,先后创造性地提出了“三大纪律和八项注意”、“三大任务”等人民军队等建军原则;在通过“水口建党”等措施加强军队内部党的建设的同时,抓紧恢复和发展地方党组织;建立了遂川等三个县的红色政权,实行土地革命……正当井冈山革命根据地取得蓬勃发展之时,陈浩的叛变使毛泽东面临严峻挑战,尤其是湖南省委特派员周鲁贯彻中央“左”倾盲动政策,把毛泽东开除出党,使之迫走湘南。井冈山革命根据地由此遭受巨大损失,史称“三月失败”。  南昌起义部队在三河坝一战中伤亡惨重,朱德在尸横遍野的战场上拔起残破的军旗,发誓一定要把这面军旗扛下去。他的决心得到了陈毅的支持,两人率领起义部队余部始终坚持艰苦卓绝地斗争,发动了轰轰烈烈的湘南暴动,历经周折和磨难,与毛泽东在井冈山砻市胜利会师。中国工农革命军第四军成立后,在朱毛的领导下,采取灵活的“十六字诀”作战方针,分兵以发动群众,集中以打击敌人,粉碎了敌人的数次“会剿”,接连取得了五斗江、草市坳和龙源口大捷,使根据地的建设扩大到了六个县的区域,成立了湘赣边界人民政府。  正当井冈山革命根据地生机勃勃地进入全盛时期时,湖南省委巡视员杜修经贯彻分兵向湘南进军的盲动政策,使红29团全军覆没,加之袁崇全的叛变,队伍几乎濒临绝境,根据地再次惨遭浩劫,史称“八月失败”。毛泽东临危不乱、立持异议,日夜兼程,亲自迎接朱德等上山。留守井冈山的何挺颖、朱云卿等带领军民取得了黄洋界保卫战的胜利。彭德怀等率领在平江起义中创建的红五军也来到井冈山,使井冈山的武装斗争力量得以进一步加强。  对“朱毛红军”起初不以为然的蒋介石终于亲自披挂上阵,接连不断地调动重兵从“进剿”到“会剿”。面对强敌,朱毛决定留彭德怀守山,自领主力转战赣南,以求“围魏救赵”。但终因敌强我寡,井冈山失守。在转战赣南闽西的过程中,部队中对有些问题的认识出现了分歧,加之留苏归来的刘安恭大肆推行“城市中心论”,攻击毛泽东,致使毛泽东在“七大”上落选,被迫离开红四军。  中央的“九月来信”纠正了红四军内部的“非无产阶级思想”。陈毅亲往闽西请毛泽东回到红四军的领导岗位上。红四军“九大”即古田会议上,毛泽东通过对中国红军两年多来在井冈山斗争中不断探索的经验总结,集中解决了如何建设无产阶级新型人民军队这一根本性问题。会后,针对林彪在新年贺信中提出的“红旗到底能打多久”的问题,又洋洋洒洒写下了《星星之火,可以燎原》。至此,一条“农村包围城市、武装夺取政权”的中国革命道路已初现雏形。  春天将至,毛泽东和贺子珍并肩登上井冈之巅,望着一轮喷薄而出的红日,满怀豪情地朗诵起《星星之火,可以燎原》……
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